Cause of Depression:
What They are and How to Identify Them
Knowing the cause of depression is important in identifying
the triggers of a depressive episode.
This can help you decide on the best treatment for your depression.
There is much debate as to the causes of depression. This is because depression is still very much misunderstood and the factors that lead to a depressive episode in one person are not the same for another.
It is for this reason that some experts talk about risk factors for depression rather than causes of depression.
However, research has shown that although there is no one single cause of depression, four main factors can lead to depression. These are:
- Psychological factors
These causes of depression refer to depression occurring due to life experiences.- Fears, e.g. fear of death, phobias
- Experiencing a tragic event at some point in your life can lead to depression.
- Major life changes are also one cause of depression, especially in children and the elderly.
- Physical factors
- Heredity: Those of us with family members who have had some form of depressive illness are at an increased risk of depression
- Major illnesses: The stress of coping with a major illness can lead to a depressive episode
- Substance abuse, that is, addiction to drugs or alcohol. Addiction can cause depression as the addict's perception becomes altered.
- Personality factors
- Poor coping skills: Stress can lead to depressive episodes in persons who have not developed the necessary skills to handle pressure.
- Low self-esteem can and does lead to depression in some people
- Medical factors
- Chemical imbalance: An imbalance of two neurotransmitters in the brain, serotonin and norepinephrine, are believed to be one cause of depression.
- Hormonal imbalance: During varying phases of life hormones change and this can lead to depression, as can occur during menopause.
- Certain medication: research has shown that some medication can trigger depressive episodes.
The causes of depression can also be different depending on age, socio-economic background and physical health.